The Springfield Armory U.S. Model 1903, commonly referred to as the Springfield 1903 or simply the M1903, is a bolt-action rifle that was used by the United States military from the early 1900s through World War II. It was the standard issue rifle for the U.S. Army during World War I and saw continued service into the early stages of World War II.The M1903 was developed at the Springfield Armory in Massachusetts and was officially adopted by the U.S. Army in 1903, hence its name. It was designed to replace the older Krag-Jørgensen rifle and to incorporate advancements in military rifle technology.Key features of the Springfield 1903 include:

1. Bolt-action mechanism: The rifle utilized a manually operated bolt-action system, requiring the shooter to cycle the bolt to chamber a new round after each shot.
2. Caliber: The M1903 fired the .30-06 Springfield cartridge, a powerful and widely used ammunition during that period.
3. Five-round magazine: It had a internal magazine capacity of five rounds, loaded with stripper clips.
4. Barrel length and sights: The standard barrel length was 24 inches (610 mm), and it was equipped with adjustable iron sights.
5. Stock and construction: The rifle featured a walnut stock and a Mauser-style action, known for its strength and reliability.

The Springfield 1903 proved to be an accurate and reliable rifle, well-suited for its time. It saw action in both World War I and World War II, with various modifications and adaptations made over the years. However, as the war progressed, it was gradually phased out in favor of the M1 Garand as the primary battle rifle for the U.S. military.

Today, the Springfield 1903 remains a popular choice among collectors and enthusiasts of historical firearms. Its significance in U.S. military history and its reputation as a reliable rifle have contributed to its continued appeal.